Course Description

This course aims to examine the development of mass society, mass production, consumption and the American consumer from the late 19th century to the present. Areas considered may include industrialization and the development of work in relation to leisure, Worlds Fairs, the development of the advertising industry, the impact of American suburbanization on consumer behavior, television, technology, shopping, mass production and consumption.



Course Instructor: Matthew Ferguson, Department of American Studies - Rutgers University

Friday, December 9, 2011

A Sensory Overload

After taking a seat and reflecting on just how far marketing has reached in manipulation, the realization I came to was simply disturbing. Now, everyone is used to being bombarded by visual stimulus in advertising all the time so much that visual advertising has become ineffective; “Studies have shown that the more stimulated we are, the harder it [simply is] to catch our attention” (Lindstrom 142). Because we are so visually over-stimulated, our awareness and defenses against visual marketing are at an all time high. So, why would I be so disturbed on the topic of advertising? It’s because I’m disturbed by the advertisement that we are being bombarded by on the subliminal level. The idea of “Sensory Branding” which involves not just presenting a visual advertisement, but coupling that with the “pumping of fragrances into our nostrils and music into our ears as well” (Lindstrom 143).

The notion that Sensory Branding is at work seems unfamiliar at the offset, but it at the most basic levels it’s easy to find anywhere when you look for it Now, cutting aside more obvious examples, I would like to point out one place where Sensory Branding reigns supreme. That place is Barnes & Nobles. As a student I like to study there. Now why am I more likely to study there than I am at the school or public library? I mean, logically speaking everything at Barnes & Nobles costs money and libraries are bound to be equipped better with books that might help in my studies. So, It makes no sense …until you think of the atmosphere. At any library it’s generally quiet with a dreary setting. At Barnes & Nobles it is completely the opposite. The setting is a bookstore with a Starbucks Café to sit in. What this consists of is an experienced jam packed full of visually enticing Baked goods, the aromas of various coffees and baked goods spread around all coupled with a great mix of calming music to you feel at home. Some obvious advertising cues might be the smell of coffee or the sight of the café as “Of all our senses, smell is the most primal, the most deeply rooted. When we smell something, the odor receptors in our nose make an unimpeded beeline to our limbic system, which controls our emotions, memories, and sense of well being. As a result our gut response is instantaneous”(Lindstrom 147). We have no control over our sense of smell, and sometimes it can and will dictate what we buy, in this case it might be that triple chocolate cookie with a coffee; a cookie that you probably had no intention of initially buying. It is obvious that smell sells, and we are generally unable to control this as smell is most primal of senses, but I wouldn’t deem it the only thing to watch out for. Another form of sensory branding that seems dangerous is sound branding in the music which creates an ambiance of a café in the store. “Sound s trigger strong associations and emotions and can exert a powerful influence on our behavior” (Lindstrom 159). It may seem preposterous, but they infiltrate every level of our subconscious, evoking strong associations with the café setting at B&N. Whether it is a smell which might affect our appetite or music which makes an illusion of a café, the simple fact of the matter is that we are being assailed on every front by Sensory Branding. What Barnes and Nobles has created is not just a book store or a café to sell products, but they have created a unique setting full of Sensory Branding designed to keep a customer there for as long as possible, which will consequently boost sales. In conclusion, I want to say in an age where books are becoming extinct in place of E-Books and where even their competitor Borders has bankrupted, how does Barnes & Nobles stand strong? It obviously isn’t just the sales of books that keep this giant bookstore chain open.

20 comments:

  1. The fact that I never thought of this is amazing to me, you are so correct in everything that you say! I believe that the partnership Barnes and Noble have created is what kept B&N around longer than Borders. Without the coffee and snacks the whole experience would be different. Weather its the coffee bringing in the book readers or the books bringing out the coffee drinkers in us all their tactic worked wonderfuly. Almost everyone I know goes to their local B&N to get their study sessions on! Not only college students, but highschoolers as well. Its an atmosphere in which any age can find something to do, I've even taken some of the kids that I babysit there and they love it. The simple view of the Starbucks logo has a certain calming apeal to it, its known that their coffee is superior and people always want the best of what they can get.

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  2. I actually forgot to add the access to free Internet in Barnes & Nobles which definitely plays a large factor in making B&N feel like home to many a student who use Wi-Fi and their laptops.

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  3. Very interesting analysis of sensory branding. I have to say I am so fascinated by the idea of sensory branding since my dad owns a pizzeria and of course I would love if I could help him find ways to increase business in this bad economy. It comes down to ethics though. How far down will one person go in order to make a few dollars. Am I okay with spraying fake scent like new car smell in order to make costumers get excited about the product... Yes, I think that in this case it is not so bad. But at what level does it become unethical to use someones senses against them? At what point are we going to stop?

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  4. I agree to the point made that visual over stimulation results in decreased effectiveness in advertisements of this sort. As Americans we encounter hundreds of advertisements each day which basically makes it much harder to reach Americans with this sort of advertisement. Marketing in the United states is simply ruining our country because it is way to intrusive into our lives and is now making its way into public schools. Americans that pay taxes should have a say as to what is allowed in schools and what is not because at the end of the day we are the ones putting up the money to build public schools and tax dollars are constantly being dumped into the maintenance of schools. Robbie McLarney section 01

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  5. I'm glad you touched upon this, because although I don't study at B&N, I know those that do. I think also that B&N has created an environment which you no longer need the outside world. You go there to establish yourself in work, and recreation becomes a perusal through books for purchase. You don't leave the world of B&N to enjoy yourself, you leave the cafe section. Perhaps in a way, B&N is becoming a mall but tailored to a certain personality demographic.

    And if the environment is completely owned and controlled by a single entity, could it remove branding? Although B&N is a brand, how much are you explicitly hit with logos and advertisements once inside? Not much, although you might be aware of the color scheme, but your defenses are probably down inside the store because they don't need to brand if you're already there, as they have no competition for your attention. So are you more comfortable, and if so, are you more willing to buy?

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  6. I too enjoy spending time browsing in Barnes and Noble but also never stopped to think about why it appeals to me so much. You are correct in stating that it probably has to do with the sensory branding that happens there. Lindstrom asserts that brands that appeal to multiple senses are more successful than brands that forcus on only one or two. Smell is key in creating associations with memories and emotions. Thomas Walsh 01

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  7. The topic was very interesting and using Barnes and Noble as your example of sensory branding was definitely a good choice. In this world where books are mostly read online or through other electronic devices, B&N’s has to resort to adding starbucks and easygoing music to the scenery to attract customers. In advertising B&N are doing the most beneficial way to stay in business and that’s through some uses of sensory branding. I myself have never noticed why I rather go to study at B&N then a borders or library and that’s because when im in B&N im studying in the café with a starbucks coffee and a baked good.
    Stephen Streicher Section 80

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  8. I really appreciate your view on Sensory Branding and while I agree that there is definitely an overload in terms of marketing throughout the United States I'm going to have to disagree with your overall standpoint. Now, I accept that I very well may be naive to this advertising tactic and simply accepting its use in the marketing world but I don't at all find it disturbing. Ultimately, we live in a capitalist country where the name of the game is making money. Using human senses to intrigue us into making a purchase seems like a natural course of action. Is baking fresh cookies an inappropriate marketing technique for a baker? I'm going to have to answer that with a no, they are simply advertising their product and there shouldn't be any shame associated with that.

    Kara Kiensicki (Section 01)

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  9. This goes to what I have been saying in a few of my previous comments. We have been so inundated with advertisements and marketing that we have become inured to them. They for the most part are no linger effective ad companies are having to rely on subtler more intense strategies to get their message across.

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  10. I often wonder that if companies were to remove their logo from their ads or product, would we be able to recognize the brand still? How important is the color of a product to our brains? On the subject of color, do companies even have the power to really claim a color as theirs? Of course not, but in a sense they kind of do anyway. Regardless, marketers have gotten so good at their jobs that through sensory branding they are able to think beyond their products logo as the main element in branding.

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  11. Sensory Branding definitely plays an critical role in capturing consumers attention. We all can confirm that visual advertising doesn’t always leave a long lasting impression in our minds; subconsciously our other senses like smell and sound of things leaves a longer impression. As you quoted Lindstrom about how we’re over visually over stimulated, which is extremely true, we do not even realize how saturated our minds are with visual advertisement that sometimes a branded sound or smell will capture our lasting attention.

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  12. While the notion of Sensory Branding might at first seem disturbing, in reality it is just a small obstacle for the knowledgeable consumer to overcome. We are now, if not before, aware of Sensory Branding in advertising and how it could potentially affect the consumer. Aren't we also aware of recognizing this method and intelligent enough to just "say no"? The smell of Barnes 'N Noble is clearly pleasant, otherwise you wouldn't study there. It's a little hard to blame companies for giving you pleasure, no?

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  13. When I was reading about sensory branding, Barnes and Noble was not one of the stores that I thought about but you did a good job addressing the aspects of the store that appeal to the customer. My only question that I have is it really Barnes and Noble that attracts us or is it the Starbucks that you described? Does Barnes and Noble do anything to attract to our senses or is the company just strategic for pairing with Starbucks to create an atmosphere that is a slight bit different from a Starbucks that stand alone? I agree with the points you made about studying at a Starbucks opposed to the library but many times I just go to the library because I know the temptation to purchase something will not be present.
    Amanda Smith section 01

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  14. When I first saw the words Barnes and Noble in the blog, I pictured a nice layout of shelves of books in the background with students munching on pastries with their coffee and studying. I never realized how Barnes and Noble had put this image in my head as opposed to the ugly library that I would compare it to. It is definitely amazing how advertisement sensory branding could easily brainwash my views of certain places. I would have never guessed this Barnes and Noble biasm actually taking place until you pointed it out.

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  15. It just goes to show that advertising isn't just a visual thing but now it is designed to affect our entire enviornment. We have become part of a world where they will try to attract your subconcious with smells and certain music to alter our mood, feelings, and desires. To most of us we don't even think of it as being advertised to but they are putting out smells to make you buy there drinks and cookies and playing certain music that can get you in a certain mood. Is it ok for them to be altering our senses like that?

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  16. You brought up valid points of how smells bring certain memories. I often find myself throughout the day smelling something and recalling a memory or a person that was similar to that.
    Sensory branding at its current state now is just at its beginning. We are so driven by our senses that we cannot explain. As marketing becomes even greater as the epidemic of Affluenza continually sets in sensory branding will expand even greater. Capitalizing on sensory branding is the future of marketing

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  17. I agree with you when you say Barnes and Noble have created not just a bookstore. They aren’t the only ones that are using Sensory Branding, some supermarkets pump scents into their stores to enhance the buying/consumer experience. These types of “tricks” do spur spending and benefit the place of business. But what’s also interesting is how you choose B&N over the free library. More and more people are choosing to choose venues and items that cost when similar items and free access is available. Parks vs amusement parks. Tap water vs bottled water…etc. Will the future trend be one that doesn’t take advantage of the free opportunities in favor of something that costs?

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  18. That is very true that Barnes & Noble is not only a book store; they like many other stores use the new marketing tool of sensory branding - they figure if they pump enough smells in the stores it will trigger for us to purchase more. I also agree with Antoine comment on how Barnes & Noble is a free library in a way. Alot of consumers today are looking for ways to save money when they can. So why would they want to pay for certain items when there is a free way of recieving the product (or a similar one)
    It all does come down to the consumer are they willing to pay the cost for the product or look for alternatives.
    AnneMarie Esemplare Sec. 80

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  20. I am a victim of studying at Barnes & Nobles and Dunkin' Donuts all of the time. I do love the smell of the fresh baked goods and coffee. It is convenient if you need to meet with other students to study, or work on a group project. We know we can stay there for hours because they also serve sandwiches and other drinks. Libraries are dark and have an old smell. Not very enticing as the the smell of cookies or an iced pumpkin latte. Starbucks is guilty of luring you in with all of their products, but be aware that this constant smell is a part of sensory branding. Like Burger King and other fast food chain restaurants, they may be pumping that delicious chocolate chip cookie scent into their vents.

    Donna Fricano
    Section 80-

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